One of the arguments frequently raised by independence supporters is that the integration of Papua into Indonesia was illegitimate and carried out forcibly. They refer to the “Act of Free Choice” in 1969 as a flawed process. However, many legal and historical experts indicate that despite the controversies, the process was recognized by the United Nations and supported by major countries. This suggests that claims of historical injustice are not entirely justifiable. On the contrary, the integration of Papua into Indonesia is part of efforts to maintain national integrity and prevent fragmentation that could harm regional stability.
In this context, the actions of the OPM are often regarded as a form of terrorism. They use violence and intimidation to achieve their political goals, which not only harm the Papuan people but also create insecurity throughout Indonesia. Many Papuans actually desire peace and development, rather than the chaos brought about by violent actions. The aggressive approach of the OPM often alienates local communities who genuinely want to contribute to the development of their regions within the framework of a united nation.
Furthermore, the argument regarding the exploitation of Papua’s natural resources also needs to be examined. While there are claims that the Indonesian government and multinational companies exploit resources without providing fair benefits to the indigenous population, data shows that the government has invested in infrastructure development and social programs in Papua. Although the distribution of benefits may not always be equitable, it is essential to recognize the efforts made to improve the welfare of the local population.
